Real transformer noload condition, flux and magnetising current in most of the transformer, there are losses due to various reasons and doesnt have the efficiency of the ideal transformer. Tan delta test loss angle test dissipation factor test. Alan doolittle flow of current from source to drain is controlled by the gate voltage. As of today we have 110,518,197 ebooks for you to download for free. Kamaraju, high voltage engineering, tata mcgrawhill, 4th edition, 2009. C resistivity, testing of insulators and bushings, etc. Testing of transformers, surge diverter radio interference measurements. Nptel follows the multiple choice questions mcq mostly. Here a small surface probe is scanned over the part surface in an attempt to detect a crack.
Hysteresis and eddycurrent losses of a transformer. So entire power of 150w is practically dissipated in rcl1. Digital testing 5 common fault models single stucksingle stuckat faultsat faults transistor open and short faults memory faults pla faults stuckpla faults stuckat, crossat, crossat, crosspoint, bridgingpoint, bridging functional faults processors delay faults transition, path analog faults for more examples, see section 4. Need to finish those assignments in the given time period. Figure 4 the saj eddy current dynamometer used for engine testing. Eddy current testing eddy current testing is particularly well suited for detecting surface cracks but can also be used to make electrical conductivity and coating thickness measurements. The angle setting is commonly referred to as the maximum torque angle, mta.
The apparent impedance so calculated is compared with the reach point impedance. Testing and maintenance of protective gear, protection against surgesurge absorber, surgediverter. When the probe is placed on the insulation, fireproofing, or coating, the field penetrates through all the layers. Fault modeling electrical engineering and computer science. Lecture 14 design for testability stanford university.
Electrical, electronics and communications engineering. Nptel electrical engineering video lecture online study. Vibrating reed type, electrical resonance type moduleii 10 hours instrument transformers. The second term represents the energy loss due to conduction currents or the eddy current loss. There is a website which is taking interest in publishing nptel answers. For yconnected load, line current equals phase current.
Lecture 24 mosfet basics understanding with no math. On the other hand, the inductive reactance vanishes as. The lens focuses light onto the retina, which contains very many lightsensitive receptor cells called rods and cones that operate using a photochemical process to convert incident light into. Chapter 4 metal matrix composites princeton university. View notes l25tbet eenptel from ee 203 at iit kanpur. Skin effect, voltage regulation, high corona, reliability, reactive power. Two commonly used stress ratios are the ratio, a, of the alternating stress amplitude to the mean. The stress ratio is the algebraic ratio of two specified stress values in a stress cycle. The final nptel exam pattern is mostly multiple choice questionsmcq only. Short circuit test is generally carried out by energizing the hv side with lv side shorted.
In this test, the motor is run at rated speed under no load. Figure 4 works well for most instrument transformers. Nptel provides elearning through online web and video courses various streams. This control current is feedback regulated by the output from the rpm sensor, but only if you run the necessary coax. This is the time between the instant of closing of relay contacts to the instant of final arc extinction inside the medium and removal of the fault. Polar bear writing paper kids homework organizer dissertation topics for international business management current events essay. The high voltage engineering notes pdf hve pdf notes book starts with the topics covering gases as insulating media, electromechanical breakdown, generation of high direct current voltages, measurement of high direct current voltages, measurement of d.
The eddy current method is based on the principle of generating circular electrical currents eddy currents in a conductive material. A circuit marginality such as chargesharing in a domino gate. Current regulatory requirements for conducting clinical trials in india for investigational new drugsnew drug version 2. Complete current affairs ebook pdf just 100 rs only all 12 months 2018 lec notes. The basic principle of distance protection involves the division of the voltage at the relaying point by the measured current. Pol is in phase with current when current lags the 1. Insulation tests on current transformers rated 600v or less are usually performed at vdc. Nptel syllabus electrical machines i video course course outline synchronous machines. The cable, winding, current transformer, potential transformer, transformer bushing, on which tan delta test or dissipation factor test to be conducted, is first isolated from the system. Ndt also known as nondestructive examination nde, nondestructive inspection ndi and nondestructive. Equipment do not cause any damage to the materials that are subjected to assessment or evaluation. All software testing and quality assurance training courses are available for offering at your company site to maximize learning and minimize cost. For current transformers, the value of the reactance x is determined in a special way so that it represents the leakage flux.
Principles and characteristics of distance protection. The specific performance characteristics of instrument transformers are easily determined from the equivalent circuit. Prior to testing, short the primary winding of the ct under test by connecting h1 and h2, then short the secondary winding of the ct under test by connecting x1 and x2x5. If the measured impedance is less than the reach point impedance, it is assumed that a fault exists on the line between the relay and the. Theory and practice of non destructive testing video. On either side, the electrons are present up to the fermi energy.
Basic techniques for accurate resistance measurement. Standardized testing allows the comparison of devices manufactured at different companies and laboratories with different technologies to be compared. An introduction to ndt common methods 5 this process is called accommodation and gives us very fast continuous focusing adjustment. Electrical machinesi nptel online videos, courses iit. Compared with unreinforced metals, mmcs offer higher specific strength and stiffness.
Debaprasad kastha, department of electrical engineering, iit kharagpur. Arrangement of bus bar, circuit breaker and isolator. At the end of each lesson a set of problem is provided to test. Potential and current transformers, ratio and phase angle errors, phasor diagram, methods of minimizing errors. These kinds of transformer are termed as the real transformers. Also if field current is held constant during loading, the core loss too can be assumed to remain same. A very lowfrequency test voltage is applied across the equipment whose insulation to be tested. Nptel mechanical engineering forming joint initiative of iits and iisc funded by mhrd page 3 of. From the uniaxial tensile test, one can understand material behavior considerably.
No annoying ads, no download limits, enjoy it and dont forget to bookmark and share the love. Experiments with instrumented pile groups in sand, american society for testing and materials. This is the time between the instant of occurrence of the fault to the instant at which the relay contacts open. The assignment socre 25% will be add to final score. In some designs of this concept, the current signal is skewed rather than the voltage signal.
Control by the gate voltage is achieved by modulating the conductivity of the. Over a complete cycle, the first term represents the energy loss, which is called hysteresis loss. As an example, if the resistance value is a million ohms 1 megohm, the current here is. Theory and practice of non destructive testing nptel. Metal matrix composites findings metal matrix composites mmcs usually consist of a lowdensity metal, such as aluminum or magnesium, reinforced with particulate or fibers of a ceramic material, such as silicon carbide or graphite. A magnetic field is created by an electrical current in the coil of a probe.
Voltage applied is such that the rated current flows in the windings. Nptel transformers video lectures, electrical machines lectures, dc machines video, nptel video lectures, nptel online courses, youtube iit videos nptel courses. Nondestructive testing ndt is a testing and analysis technique used by industry to evaluate the properties of a material, component, structure or system for characteristic differences or welding defects and discontinuities without causing damage to the original part. Thanks for a2a if a candidate register on a special courses there will be week assignments which is also mcq type.
Chapter 5 engineering properties of soil and rock 5. Current, voltage, humidity, temperature, uv, saltfog, rain. This is achieved by the use of a coil connected to an alternating current generator driving an alternating magnetic field primary field. C test data are given below for a single phase, 5 kva. During power measurements it necessary to provide sufficient cooling air to the engine to avoid overheating. To schedule any of these courses at your company for onsite training, call iist at 763 5460072. What are the websites for nptel online assignment solutions. Ppt non destructive testing powerpoint presentation. This was supplied by a large fan and cowling which provided airflow over the engine at approximately 40 kmh. The implementation of the current mirror circuit may seem simple but there is a lot going on. You can contact them, i am sure you will get solutions of your problems there. When the specimen and the tip are brought close to each other, there is only a narrow region of empty space left between them. Remove the neutral ground and isolate the ct from any associated burden.
Electrical engineering basic electrical technology nptel. Lecture 6 scanning tunneling microscopy stm general. Lecture 24 mosfet basics understanding with no math reading. The simple two transistor implementation of the current mirror is based on the fundamental relationship that two equal size transistors at the same temperature with the same v gs for a mos or v be for a bjt have the same drain or collector current. Click here for a list of nptel online courses for aicte fdp, jan apr 2019. Operational amplifier, difference amplifiers, biasing of differential amplifiers, practical operational amplifier, parameters of an opamp, open loop opamp configuration, closed loop amplifier, voltage shunt feedback, opamp applications, oscillator, harmonic oscillators, tuned oscillators, voltage regulators. Current limiting reactors in power system and their arrangement calculation of fault mva for symmetrical short circuits. Nondestructive testing equipment market nondestructive testing equipment is used for inspection and assessment of many properties of components, materials, and assemblies. These equipments are organized to determine the characteristics of materials and. Nocgeosynthetics testing laboratory nptel civil engineering notes pdf.